Ungabona Kanjani Uma Iwalethi Yakho Ye-Crypto Igqekeziwe: Izimpawu Eziyisixwayiso Ezingu-10

Ukudluliswa kwemali okuqinisekisiwe ongakugunyazanga kuyisixwayiso esicace kakhulu sokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kodwa iwalethi ingaba sengozini nangaphambi kokuba noma iyiphi imali inyamalale. Ibinzana lokubuyisela iwalethi elintshontshiwe, imvume efihlekile yokusebenzisa izimali, noma ushintsho ekutheni ubani olawula iwalethi kunganikeza umhlaseli ukufinyelela kuyo nakuba ibhalansi yakho isabukeka ijwayelekile.

Ezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi zikhomba ukwebiwa okwenzekile. Ezinye zibonisa ukuthi iwalethi noma idivayisi yakho kungenzeka isivele isengozini. Lo mehluko ubalulekile ngoba indlela yokulungisa inkinga incike ekutheni umhlaseli uthole kanjani ukufinyelela.

Uma imali iphuma manje, yeka ukufaka imali kuleyo walethi bese uya ezinyathelweni zokuphendula eziseduze nokuphela kwalesi sihloko.

Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuthi iwalethi ye-crypto igqekeziwe?

I-crypto yakho iqoshwa ku-blockchain. Iwalethi yakho ikusiza ukuyilawula ngokusebenzisa okhiye abayimfihlo noma eminye imithetho yokugunyaza. Ibinzana lokubuyisela, elibizwa nangokuthi i-seed phrase, lingaphinda lidale okhiye bama-akhawunti amaningi ewalethi.

Abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "igqekeziwe" ukubhekisela ezinkingeni eziningana ezihlukene:

• Okhiye abantshontshiwe: Umuntu unokhiye wakho oyimfihlo noma ibinzana lokubuyisela futhi angagunyaza ukuthengiselana esebenzisa enye idivayisi.
• Izimvume ezisetshenziswe kabi: Ugunyaze inkontileka noma wasayina isicelo esivumela othile ukuthi adlulise izimpahla ezithile. Okhiye bakho kungenzeka basayimfihlo.
• Idivayisi noma uhlelo lokusebenza olungasaphephile: I-malware, iwalethi mbumbulu, noma isandiso esiyingozi sintshontsha ulwazi noma sishintsha lokho osuzokuthumela.
• I-akhawunti yokuhwebelana egqekeziwe: Othile ungena ku-akhawunti lapho inkampani ikugcinela khona i-crypto.

I-hardware wallet iyasiza ukuvikela okhiye abayimfihlo, kodwa ayikwazi ukwenza imvume eyingozi iphephe. Uma ugunyaza isenzo esingafanele, i-hardware wallet ingasisayina ngendlela efanele.

1. I-crypto yangempela iphuma ewalethini yakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho

Uthola ukudluliswa okuqediwe, ukuthengiswa kwe-NFT, noma ukukhishwa kwemali ongakwazi ukukuchaza. Lokhu kungenzeka ifoni yakho icishiwe noma ungekho eduze kwekhompyutha yakho.

Qala ngokukhipha amathuba okuthi kube into owayihlela ngaphambili, njengenkokhelo ezenzakalelayo, ukukhishwa kwemali esikhungweni sokuhwebelana, noma isenzo ohlelweni lokuhweba. Bese uhlola ukuthengiselana kwangempela ku-blockchain.

Qinisekisa ukuthi impahla yangempela idlulisiwe nokuthi ibhalansi yakho yehlile. Umbhalo ongajwayelekile ohlwini lomsebenzi wewalethi awanele uwodwa. Abakhohlisi bangakha amarekhodi ama-token adukisayo enza kubonakale sengathi ukudluliswa kuvela ekhelini lakho.

Uma usuqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla zangempela zidlulisiwe ngaphandle kwemvume yakho, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Akudingeki ulinde kuze kuphele yonke imali ewalethini.

2. Imali esanda kufakwa inyamalala cishe ngokushesha

Uthumela i-ETH noma olunye uhlamvu lwenethiwekhi ewalethini ukukhokhela izindleko zokuthengiselana. Ngemizuzwana nje, idluliselwa ekhelini ongalazi. Kwenzeka okufanayo nalapho ufaka imali futhi.

Lena indlela evamile yokusebenza kwe-sweeper bot, uhlelo oluqapha iwalethi esiveziwe bese luzithathela ngokuzenzakalelayo izimali ezitholakalayo. Ngemva kokukhipha amathuba okuthi kube ukuzenzakalela ozihlelele kona, ukukhishwa kwemali okuphindaphindayo ngale ndlela kuyisixwayiso esinamandla sokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Le bot ingase isebenze kukhompyutha yomhlaseli. Ukuvala uhlelo lwewalethi noma ukuqalisa kabusha ifoni yakho ngeke kuyimise. Amanye ama-bot ayashiya amabhalansi amancane aze athole idiphozithi enkulu, ngakho imali enganyakazi ayifakazeli ukuthi iwalethi iphephile.

Ungaqhubeki nokufaka imali ye-gas noma uthumele idiphozithi yokuhlola. Kungenzeka umane uxhasa umhlaseli ngemali.

3. Uthola izimvume zama-token noma ama-NFT ongazazi

Izinhlelo eziningi ze-crypto zicela imvume yokusebenzisa i-token. Lezi zimvume zingahlala zisebenza isikhathi eside ngemva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza.

Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zihlanganisa umuntu noma inkontileka enelungelo lokusebenzisa ama-token esanda kwengezwa kodwa ongayazi, ukufinyelela okunikezwe ngemva kokuvakashela isayithi elisolisayo, noma umkhawulo wokusebenzisa imali omkhulu kakhulu kunalokho obekudingeka. Imvume ye-NFT ingavumela umqhubi ukuthi adlulise wonke ama-NFT onawo eqoqweni elithile.

Imvume engenamkhawulo ijwayelekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisemthethweni, ngakho yona yodwa ayifakazeli ukugqekezwa. Okubalulekile ukuthi ubani onokufinyelela, yiziphi izimpahla angazidlulisa, nokuthi wawuhlose yini ukumnika leyo mvume.

Hlola inethiwekhi, inkontileka yangempela ye-token, ogunyazwe ukusebenzisa izimali, nenani. Ukunqamula ukuxhumana kwesayithi newalethi yakho akukhanseli imvume esivele iqoshwe ku-blockchain.

4. Isicelo esithi esokungena ku-akhawunti sinikeza amalungelo okusebenzisa imali

Uvakashela isayithi ukuze ungene, uthole umklomelo, noma uqinisekise iwalethi yakho. Likucela ukuthi usayine ngaphandle kwenkokhelo yokuthengiselana. Kodwa leso sicelo siqukethe inani lama-token, umuntu ogunyazwe ukuwasebenzisa, noma i-oda lokuthengisa i-NFT obungahlosile ukuligunyaza.

Amanye amasiginesha angagunyaza ukusetshenziswa kwemali ngaphandle kokuthi wenze ukuthengiselana okuhlukile kokunikeza imvume. Izici ezibizwa nge-Permit ne-Permit2, kanye namasiginesha ama-oda ezimakethe, ziyizibonelo. Izinhlelo ezisemthethweni ziyazisebenzisa, kodwa abakhohlisi bangazifihla njengezinyathelo ezingenangozi zokungena ku-akhawunti.

Ukungabikho kwemali ye-gas akukutsheli lutho ngokuphepha kwalelo siginesha.

Kukhona futhi enye inkinga: imvume esayiniwe engakasetshenziswa ingahlala ingekho ku-blockchain kuze kube yilapho othile eyithumela. Uhlu lwakho olujwayelekile lokuthengiselana, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nethuluzi lokuhlola izimvume, lungase lubonakale lungenankinga kuyilapho leyo mvume isengasetshenziswa.

Uma usayine isicelo esisolisayo, yeka ukusebenzisana nalelo sayithi bese uphenya ukuthi isiginesha sigunyaze ini. Indlela yokukhansela incike ohlotsheni lwemvume. Ukuhoxisa imvume evamile akuwenzi wonke amasiginesha angakasetshenziswa abe angasebenzi.

5. Iwalethi inomnikazi omusha noma imvume yokulawula ongayazi

Amanye amawalethi anabanikazi abaningana, abantu abangathintwa ukuze kubuyiselwe i-akhawunti, okhiye bokusayina besikhashana, noma amamojula esofthiwe akwazi ukwenza izenzo. Lawa avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-smart wallet noma ama-smart account.

Umnikazi ongakaze umengeze, ukwehla kwenani lamasiginesha adingekayo, indlela yokubuyisela i-akhawunti ongayazi, noma imojula entsha kudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Kuye ngamandla ayo, lolo shintsho lungavumela othile ukuthi adlulise izimali ngaphandle kwenqubo yakho evamile yokugunyaza.

Ku-Ethereum nakumanethiwekhi ahambisana nayo, isici esibizwa nge-EIP-7702 sivumela futhi iwalethi evamile ukuthi igunyaze ikhodi isebenze ngekheli layo. Ukugunyaza okuyingozi kunganikeza ukufinyelela okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuveza ibinzana lakho lokubuyisela.

Kukhona iphuzu okulula ukuligeja: ngalesi sici, ukunika omunye amandla okusebenza egameni lewalethi okwamukelwe kungahlala kusebenza noma ukuthengiselana kwehlulekile ukwenziwa. Igama elithi "kuhlulekile" alisho njalo ukuthi izilungiselelo zokulawula iwalethi azishintshanga.

Hlola lezi zimvume usebenzisa amathuluzi asemthethweni ewalethi. Ukususa izimvume zama-token kuphela ngeke kususe umnikazi wewalethi ongaziwa noma ukugunyazwa kokumela iwalethi.

6. Ibinzana lokubuyisela noma ukhiye wakho oyimfihlo uveziwe

Ufakile ibinzana lakho kuwebhusayithi, walithumela kumuntu othi ungowosizo lwamakhasimende, noma walingenisa ohlelweni lwewalethi olwagcina lutholakale luyimbumbulu. Ungase futhi uthole ukuthi ikhophi yokulondoloza efundekayo ibifinyeleleka nge-akhawunti ye-cloud ehlaselekile noma ngefayela okwabelwana ngalo.

Phatha ama-akhawunti alawulwa yileyo mfihlo njengasengozini, noma imali ingakanyakazi. Umuntu angakwazi ukudala kabusha iwalethi kwenye indawo ngaphandle kokuthi uhlelo lwakho likuthumelele isexwayiso sokungena.

Ukushintsha iphasiwedi yohlelo lwewalethi ngeke kushintshe okhiye abayimfihlo asebeveziwe. Ukudala enye i-akhawunti ngaphansi kwebinzana elifanayo lokubuyisela nakho ngeke kuyixazulule inkinga.

Ububanzi bokudaluleka bubalulekile. Ibinzana lokubuyisela eliputshukile lingadalula ama-akhawunti amaningi. Ukhiye oyimfihlo owangeniswa ngokuhlukile bese uyaputshuka ungathinta kuphela i-akhawunti oyilawulayo.

7. Uhlelo lwewalethi noma isandiso salo kubonakala sengathi sishintshiwe

Uthola isandiso ongazange usifake, ifayela lokulanda iwalethi mbumbulu, noma isexwayiso sezokuphepha esikhomba isofthiwe entshontsha imininingwane yewalethi. Iwalethi yakho oyijwayele ingase futhi ikucele ngokuzumayo ukuthi uyibuyisele ngemva koshintsho olungachazeki.

Isicelo sokubuyisela singaba nesizathu esijwayelekile, njengokufaka uhlelo kabusha noma ukusula idatha yalo. Siyisizathu sokuhlola isofthiwe ngaphambi kokufaka imininingwane eyimfihlo, hhayi ubufakazi bokwebiwa ngokwaso.

Qinisekisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngewebhusayithi esemthethweni yomhlinzeki wewalethi bese uhlola ubuwena besandiso. Kulula ukukopisha igama nelogo okujwayelekile.

Uma usulifakile ibinzana lakho lokubuyisela kusofthiwe esolisayo, lithathe njengeliveziwe. Ukususa uhlelo lokusebenza akususi ikhophi umhlaseli asenayo.

8. Ikheli lomamukeli liyashintsha uma ulinamathisela

Ukopisha ikheli lomuntu ozothola imali, ulinamathisele ewalethini, bese kuvela elinye ikheli. I-malware ye-clipboard ingashintsha amakheli e-crypto iwafake amakheli omhlaseli.

Lokhu kukhomba inkinga kudivayisi noma kusofthiwe. Akusho ngempela ukuthi othile unokhiye wakho oyimfihlo, kodwa kwenza leyo divayisi ingaphephi ekudluliseni izimali.

Abahlaseli bangasebenzisa amakheli okushintsha afana nelokuqala. Ukuhlola izinhlamvu ezimbalwa zokuqala nezokugcina kuphela kungakwenza ungaboni ukushintshwa. Qhathanisa lonke ikheli okuya kulo imali nekhophi ethembekile. Uma usebenzisa i-hardware wallet, hlola ikheli esikrinini sedivayisi ngaphambi kokugunyaza.

Khansela ukuthengiselana uma amakheli engafani. Ukukopisha nokunamathisela kaningi kuze kube yilapho ikheli elilodwa libukeka lilungile akusona isixazululo.

9. Ukulahlekelwa okungachazeki kusabalala kuma-akhawunti noma amanethiwekhi

Ukunyamalala kwe-token eyodwa kungabangelwa imvume ethile yokusebenzisa izimali. Ukudluliswa okungagunyaziwe kuma-akhawunti amaningana adalwe ngebinzana elifanayo lokubuyisela kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi okhiye bangase bavezwe kabanzi.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukulahlekelwa kumanethiwekhi amabili kanye nomsebenzi osuka kwenye i-akhawunti engaphansi kwebinzana elifanayo kudinga uphenyo olubanzi. Hlola wonke ama-akhawunti namanethiwekhi athintekile, kunokucabanga ukuthi inkinga iphelela ku-token yokuqala oyibone inyamalala.

Le ndlela yokwenzeka kwezinto iyasiza ukunciphisa izimbangela ezingaba khona, kodwa ayiqinisekisi isiphetho. Izimvume eziningana eziyingozi, noma ukugunyazwa kwewalethi okusebenza kumanethiwekhi amaningi, nakho kungadala ukulahlekelwa okusabalele.

Ukuthi ikheli lewalethi lifane kumanethiwekhi ahlukene asebenza ngendlela ye-Ethereum kujwayelekile futhi akusona isixwayiso kukodwa. Isixwayiso ngumsebenzi ongachazeki ohilela lawo ma-akhawunti.

10. I-akhawunti yakho yokuhwebelana ibonisa ukungena noma ukukhishwa kwemali ongakujwayele

Uma ugcina i-crypto esikhungweni sokuhwebelana, hlola izikhathi zokungena ongazazi, imininingwane yokubuyisela eshintshiwe, amakheli amasha okukhipha imali, noma ukukhishwa kwemali ongakucelanga. Izinguquko zokuqinisekisa ubuwena ngezindlela ezimbili ongazicelanga ziyingozi kakhulu.

Zivulele wena uhlelo lokusebenza noma iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ukuze uqinisekise isexwayiso. I-imeyili ethusayo ingaba ubuqola be-phishing. Indawo ongayazi nayo ingabangelwa i-VPN noma inethiwekhi yeselula, ngakho hlola idivayisi, isikhathi nezenzo ezenzeke ku-akhawunti ndawonye.

Ukuthathwa kwe-akhawunti yokuhwebelana kudinga izinyathelo zokuvikela i-akhawunti. Sebenzisa ukukhiya i-akhawunti noma ukuvimba ukukhishwa kwemali okuhlinzekwa inkampani uma kutholakala, xhumana nosizo olusemthethweni, futhi uvikele i-imeyili nezindlela zakho zokuqinisekisa ubuwena.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kokungena akusebenzi ngendlela efanayo ewalethini eliyisisekelo elilawulwa yibinzana lokubuyisela. Umuntu onokhiye balo angase angadingi nhlobo ukungena ohlelweni lwakho lwewalethi.

Umsebenzi ongajwayelekile ongafakazeli ukugqekezwa

Izenzakalo eziningana ezivamile zingabukeka zethusa:

• Ibhalansi yedola eyehlile: Intengo ingase yehle nakuba usenenani elifanayo lezinhlamvu zemali.
• Ama-token angabonakali ohlelweni: Kungenzeka ukhethe i-akhawunti noma inethiwekhi engalungile, ufihle i-token, noma kube nenkinga yokubonisa.
• Umphumela we-Bitcoin ongaziwa: Inkokhelo ingase ibuyisele imali esele ekhelini elisha lokushintshela imali elilawulwa yiwalethi yakho.
• I-token noma i-NFT ongayicelanga: Ugaxekile uwedwa awuwona ubufakazi bokuthi okhiye bakho bantshontshiwe. Yifihle kunokulandela izixhumanisi zayo noma ukusayina ukuthengiselana ukuze uyisuse.
• Ukudluliswa kwemali encane kakhulu noma engenalo inani okuhilela ikheli elibukeka lijwayelekile: Lokhu kungaba yi-address poisoning, lapho abakhohlisi befaka ikheli lomamukeli elifana nelangempela emlandweni wakho ukuze ulikopishe kamuva.

Amanye ama-token mbumbulu akopisha igama nesifinyezo se-token yangempela. Angadala ngisho namarekhodi adukisayo okuthi imali idlulisiwe. Hlola inkontileka yangempela ye-token nebhalansi ngaphambi kokuthatha irekhodi njengobufakazi bokwebiwa.

Gwema ukukopisha ikheli lomamukeli emisebenzini yakamuva. Thola ikheli kumamukeli oqinisekisiwe noma encwadini yamakheli ethembekile.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi kwenzekeni ngempela

Sebenzisa ithuluzi elithembekile lokuhlola i-blockchain kunethiwekhi efanele. Ungahlola ikheli elisesidlangalaleni ngaphandle kokuxhuma iwalethi, ukukhokha imali, noma ukuveza ibinzana lokubuyisela.

Hlola le mininingwane:

1. I-akhawunti nenethiwekhi: Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ikheli ebeliphethe izimpahla ezilahlekile.
2. Isimo sokuthengiselana: Hlukanisa umsebenzi osalindile nokudluliswa okuqediwe. Uma kukhona ukugunyazwa kokumela iwalethi, hlola nokuthi izimvume zishintshile yini nakuba ukwenza ukuthengiselana kwehlulekile.
3. Impahla yangempela: Qinisekisa inkontileka ye-token noma iqoqo lama-NFT kunokuthembela egameni noma kulogo.
4. Ukushintsha kwebhalansi nalapho imali iye khona: Thola ukuthi yini ephumile nokuthi iye kuphi. Hlola ukudluliswa kwama-token nama-NFT kanye nohlu oluyinhloko lokuthengiselana.
5. Izimvume zangaphambilini: Bheka izimvume, amasiginesha noma izinguquko zokulawula iwalethi ezihlobene nokulahlekelwa.

Umthumeli oboniswe ekuthengiselaneni angaba yi-akhawunti yomunye umuntu lapho esebenzisa imvume ye-token ukuthatha izimpahla zakho. Lokho akusho ukuthi ukudluliswa akunangozi. Ngokufanayo, irekhodi le-token elibonisa ikheli lakho njengomthombo alifakazeli ukuthi wena uqobo usayine ukuthengiselana.

Uma amarekhodi e-blockchain enzima ukuwahumusha, yabelana ngekheli elisesidlangalaleni nange-hash yokuthengiselana nethimba losizo lwewalethi eliqinisekisiwe. Le mininingwane ingasiza uphenyo ngaphandle kokuveza okhiye bakho.

Okufanele ukwenze uma izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ziqinisekiswa

Yeka ukufaka izimali nokusayina izicelo

Misa okwesikhashana ukufaka imali ewalethini ethintekile. Yenqaba izicelo ezintsha zokusayina, kuhlanganise nezithembiso "zokulungisa", "zokuqinisekisa" noma "zokuvula" iwalethi. Yeka ukusebenzisa idivayisi okungenzeka itheleleke nge-malware, bese uqhubeka usebenzisa enye idivayisi ethembekile.

Uma ibinzana lokubuyisela noma ukhiye oyimfihlo uputshukile

Uma kuyiwalethi evamile elawulwa yimfihlo eveziwe, dala iwalethi entsha enebinzana elisha ngokuphelele lokubuyisela kudivayisi ethembekile. Dlulisa izimpahla ezisele uma ungakwenza ngokuphepha, bese uyeka ukusebenzisa ama-akhawunti athintekile. Buyekeza noma imaphi amakheli okukhokha akhomba kuwo.

Uma i-sweeper isebenza, ungafaki imali ye-gas ewalethini elidala. Ukuhlenga izimpahla ezisele kungadinga indlela ekhethekile yokusingatha ukuthengiselana, futhi impumelelo ayiqinisekisiwe.

Uma inkinga kuyimvume noma ukugunyazwa okusayiniwe

Hoxisa izimvume ezifanele ngethuluzi eliqinisekisiwe bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhoxisa kuqediwe. Imvume ye-token eyodwa kunethiwekhi eyodwa ayisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo kuyo yonke eminye.

Uma isiginesha esisolisayo singakasetshenziswa, landela inqubo yokukhansela eqondene naleyo walethi noma naleyo phrothokholi. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi udlulise izimpahla ngesikhathi usahlola ukuthi imvume isengasetshenziswa yini.

Ukuhoxisa imvume akukwazi ukubuyisa izimpahla esezithathiwe. Futhi akukwazi ukuvikela iwalethi enokhiye asebeputshukile.

Uma izilungiselelo zokulawula iwalethi zishintshile

Sebenzisa inqubo esemthethweni yewalethi yokubuyisela noma yokuphatha izimvume ukuze ususe abanikazi, amamojula, okhiye bokusayina, noma ukugunyazwa kokumela okungavumelekile. Uma ukhiye womnikazi uputshukile, shintsha lowo osayinayo lapho iwalethi ikusekela khona. Thola isiqondiso esiqondene nomhlinzeki ngaphambi kokubheka i-akhawunti njengephephile futhi.

Uma i-akhawunti yokuhwebelana ifinyelelwe

Khiya i-akhawunti noma ukhawulele ukukhishwa kwemali ngenqubo esemthethweni yomhlinzeki. Usebenzisa idivayisi ethembekile, vikela i-imeyili yakho, shintsha amaphasiwedi athintekile, susa izikhathi zokungena ongazazi, bese ubuyekeza imininingwane yokubuyisela nokuqinisekisa ubuwena ngezindlela ezimbili.

Gcina ubufakazi futhi ubike ukulahlekelwa

Gcina ama-hash okuthengiselana, amakheli asesidlangalaleni, izikhathi zezehlakalo, ama-URL asolisayo nemiyalezo efanele ngesikhathi uvikela izimali ezisele. Bika isigameko kumhlinzeki wewalethi noma esikhungweni sokuhwebelana naseziphathimandleni ezifanele.

Ukudluliswa kwemali okuqinisekisiwe ku-blockchain ngokuvamile akunakuhlehliswa usizo lwewalethi. Ukubuyiselwa kwemali kungancika ekutheni isikhungo sokuhwebelana siyimisa yini imali, kwenziwe uphenyo, noma izimali zibuyiswe. Qaphela noma ubani othembisa ukubuyisa imali ngokuqinisekile, ikakhulukazi uma ecela inkokhelo kusengaphambili noma ibinzana lakho lokubuyisela.