Adɛn nti na wo wallet kyerɛ sika a wɔde kɔɔ baabi a w'ansoma da: nkitahodi a ne bo yɛ zero ne address poisoning

Sɛ wohu transaction bi a efi wo wallet mu a wunnim ho hwee a, ɛnkyerɛ ara sɛ wɔahyehyɛ wo wallet no mu. Sua nea zero-value records, address a ɛsɛ wɔn ho ne agyapade a ɛkɔɔ baabi ankasa tumi di ho adanse.

Dɛn na saa record yi di ho adanse wɔ me wallet ho?

Sɛ wo history kyerɛ mpofirim sɛ wode 0 USDT kɔmaa address bi a wunnim a, saa record no nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ obi nsa aka wo private key. Obi foforo betumi ayɛ zero-token transfer records bi de wo address ato mu a woanhyɛ ase, woansɔ ne nsa, na woamma no kwan sɛ ɔmfa sika a ɛboro zero nkɔ. Saa record no betumi ada blockchain so ɛmfa ho sɛ wo ara woanyɛ transaction no da.

Nsɛmmisa a ɛho hia paa ne: Agyapade bɛn na ɛyɛ? Dodow sɛn na ɛkɔe ankasa? Hena na ɔde transaction no kɔɔ network no so? Dɛn na ɛmaa kwan ma wɔtumi de agyapade ankasa kɔe?

Token event a ne dodow yɛ zero nkyerɛ sɛ wo ara wode wo nsa hyɛɛ ase anaa wosɛee biribi. Wɔ token ankasa ho no, sɛ dodow no yɛ zero pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ saa transfer no amfa token biara ankɔ.
Transfer a wɔde token din a wunim ato so nkyerɛ agyapade no ankasa. Contract foforo a ɛne no nni abusuabɔ betumi de din ne symbol koro no ara adi dwuma.
Sika ketewa bi a ɛba wo nkyɛn betumi ayɛ nokware de, nanso ɛde sender address a ɛdaadaa nipa bɛhyɛ wo history mu.
Agyapade ankasa a ɛfi wo wallet mu a wɔagye atom nanso wunnim nea enti hia sɛ wohwehwɛ mu. Mfa w'adwene mfi so esiane sɛ field foforo kyerɛ zero nti.

Saa akwankyerɛ yi fa Ethereum, BNB Smart Chain (BSC), ne network ahorow a ɛte sɛ wɔn a wɔde Ethereum-style token contracts di dwuma ho. Nhwɛso ahorow no yɛ records a yɛabɔ wɔn ho abasɛm de ama asekyerɛ ayɛ mmerɛw; ɛnyɛ wallet pɔtee bi screenshots anaa nea yɛahu wɔ mu.

Di kan hwɛ field a zero wɔ mu

Nnipa de zero value transaction kyerɛ nneɛma ahorow. Wɔ nea ɛda adi yi mu no, biako pɛ na ɛkyerɛ sɛ token dodow yɛ zero:

Token dodow: 0 USDC. Wɔ USDC contract ankasa ho no, zero pɛpɛɛpɛ kyerɛ sɛ saa transfer no amfa USDC biara ankɔ.
Transaction value: 0 ETH. Wɔamfa ETH anka transaction titiriw no ho. Nanso tokens betumi akɔ baabi na contract no dwumadi nso atumi ayɛ adwuma.
Bo a wɔabu ho akontaa: $0.00. Interface no kyerɛ ne bo wɔ fiat sika mu. Ɛno nkyerɛ token dodow no.

Wɔ BSC so no, native-coin field no taa de BNB di dwuma sen ETH. Contract interaction a ne native value yɛ zero betumi de tokens akɔ, asesa tumi a wɔde sika di dwuma, anaa ahyɛ dwumadi foforo ase. Native value no yɛ soronko fi transaction no input data ho.

Sika kakra a ɛboro zero betumi ayɛ nea wɔatwa ne bo aba $0.00. Sɛ agyapade bi nni bo a wobetumi agye adi a, fiat bo a ɛda adi no nso rentumi mmoa. Bue token dodow no ma ne digits nyinaa nna adi; token dodow 0.00 a ɛda adi mpo betumi de dodow ketewa a ɛboro zero asie. Portfolio bo a ɛsakra no nyɛ nokware record a ɛkyerɛ units a ɛba account mu anaa ɛfi mu.

Zero yɛ token dodow a wɔma ho kwan, enti zero nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi asi. Address a ɛsɛ wɔn ho ne payment details a wɔayɛ copy yɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mu.

Adɛn nti na From fields abien no betumi ayɛ soronko

Wallet history betumi aka nsɛm a efi tebea ahorow mu abom:

Transaction no: akwankyerɛ a wɔde signature ato so de akɔ network no so. Wɔ Ethereum transaction a ɛtaa ba mu no, From field titiriw no kyerɛ account a ɛde signature no mae.
Token event no: record a contract bi de ba bere a ɛreyɛ adwuma. Transfer event wɔ ne ankasa From, To ne amount.
History row no: sɛnea wallet anaa explorer kyerɛ saa nsɛm no. Ebetumi akyerɛ OUT efisɛ event no de wo address asi sender anan.

From fields abien yi nyɛ ade koro. Sɛ wo address da event bi mu a, ɛnyɛ wo wallet signature. Contract bɔne bi betumi de wo address ato event data mu, nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ ne log no fi token contract ankasa no mu. Enti contract a ɛyii event no adi no yɛ adanse titiriw.

Saa ara nso na transaction hash kyerɛ transaction no, nanso ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo penee so. Transaction a ɛwɔ blockchain mu a wɔakyerɛw Success wɔ so kyerɛ sɛ wɔansan transaction no dwumadi akyi. Ɛnyɛ token no, nea ogye no anaa botae no ho mpene-so.

Transaction-history nhwɛso anum a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu

Nhwɛso 1: Zero-token transfer a ɛfi wo wallet mu a woansɔ ne nsa da

History record: OUT · 0 USDC · Wo address kɔ address a ɛsɛ foforo a wunnim.

Transaction From: Account foforo a ɛne wo nni abusuabɔ na ɛde transaction no kɔe.
Token-event From: Event no de wo address ato mu.
Token contract a ɛyii event no adi: USDC contract ankasa wɔ saa network yi so.
Token dodow pɔtee: zero.

Nea eyi di ho adanse: Token contract ankasa no kyerɛwee zero-token transfer a wo address wɔ mu. Saa transfer no amfa USDC biara ankɔ. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo wallet na ɛde signature too transaction no so, sɛ obi a ɔfrɛɛ contract no wɔ tumi sɛ ɔmfa sika a ɛboro zero nkɔ, anaa sɛ wɔawia wo key.

Sɛnea ɛba: ERC-20, token standard a wɔtaa de di dwuma no, hwehwɛ sɛ zero-amount transfers de Transfer events bɛba. Wɔ contract implementations a wɔtaa de di dwuma mu no, delegated transfer function transferFrom hwɛ sɛ dodow a wɔrebisa no boro allowance a ɔfrɛfo no wɔ anaa. Zero mboro allowance a ɛyɛ zero. Sɛ contract no mmara afoforo ma ho kwan a, call no betumi adi yiye a approval biara nni hɔ ansa.

Eyi nyɛ bɔhyɛ a ɛfa token biara ho. Contract ankorankoro betumi de mmara foforo ato so.

Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ bio: Hwehwɛ transaction no afã afoforo mu. Zero row bi kyerɛ saa row no nkutoo; dwumadi foforo betumi anya nsunsuanso foforo. Sɛ ɛyɛ poisoning record biako pɛ a suspicious spending anaa permission changes biara nni ho a, nea ɛfata ne sɛ mfa address a wɔde ahyɛ wo history mu no nni dwuma; ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wosesã wallet no.

Nhwɛso 2: Transaction atorɔ a ɛkyerɛ token dodow kɛse

History record: OUT · 2,500 USDC · Wo address kɔ address a wunnim.

Token symbol a ɛda adi: USDC.
Contract a ɛyii event no adi: Contract foforo, ɛnyɛ USDC ankasa.
Dodow a event no kyerɛ: 2,500.
USDC ankasa a ɛkɔe wɔ transaction yi mu: biara nni hɔ.

Nea eyi di ho adanse: Contract foforo yii record bi adi a wɔde USDC din ato so. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ 2,500 USDC ankasa afi wo account mu.

Fake transaction a ɛda wallet mu betumi ayɛ blockchain data ankasa a wɔakyerɛ ase wɔ kwan a ɛdaadaa so. Atɔfo betumi ayɛ token din ne symbol no copy na wɔde events a ɛsɛ wo payments a atwam no aba, a ne amounts ka ho. Contracts a ɛnyɛ standard betumi nso de transfer records aba a ɛne wɔn ankasa balance changes nhyia.

Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ bio: Hu network no ne contract address pɔtee a ɛyii event no adi. Fa saa address no toto contract information a wo ara woanya afi issuer a wogye no di hɔ wɔ saa network no ho. Ticker a wunim, logo, anaa source-code verification label nkutoo nkyerɛ issuer no ankasa.

Nhwɛso 3: Sika ketewa ankasa a efi address a ɛsɛ foforo mu

History record: IN · 0.000001 USDC · Address a wunnim kɔ wo address.

Fa no sɛ token contract ankasa no agye transfer no atom na wo token balance akɔ soro kakra. Ɛha no, tokens ankasa aba. Ɛho nhia sɛ woma sender no approval ansa na woagye, na ɛmma sender no tumi sɛ ɔmfa wo sika nni dwuma.

Afiri no ne address no. Hwɛ nhwɛso a yɛabɔ wɔn ho abasɛm yi; yɛde spaces akyekyɛ mu na nkyerɛwde biara ada adi. Address ankasa nni spaces; kuw a yɛde bold akyerɛ wɔ mfinimfini no yɛ soronko:

Nea wɔagye no atom sɛ ogye sika no: 0x7a2f 1111 2222 3333 4444 5555 6666 7777 8888 9c4d

Address a wɔde ahyɛ history mu: 0x7a2f aaaa bbbb cccc dddd eeee ffff 0000 1111 9c4d

Interface a ɛkyerɛ mfiase ne awiei nkutoo betumi akyerɛ wɔn baanu sɛ 0x7a2f...9c4d.

Nea eyi di ho adanse: Obi de sika ketewa fi saa address no so brɛɛ wo. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ sender no yɛ nea wotaa de sika kɔma no anaa account a ɛyɛ wo de. Nkyerɛwde a ɛsɛ wɔn ho a wohu no nkyerɛ nea address no yɛ ne de.

Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ bio: Gye address a na wopɛ sɛ wode sika kɔ no fi contact a woahyɛ da ahwɛ no mu anaa nea ogye sika no account page a wogye di no so. Toto address no nyinaa ho. Address poisoning bɔ mmɔden sɛ address a wɔde ahyɛ history mu no bɛyɛ nea wobɛpaw wɔ payment a ɛbɛba akyiri no mu. Adehwere no betumi aba akyiri bere a woma kwan ma transfer a ɛyɛ nokware kɔ address a ɛnteɛ.

Nhwɛso 4: ETH zero, nanso 2,500 tokens ankasa fi mu

Transaction header: Value · 0 ETH.

Native value a wɔde kaa call no ho: 0 ETH.
Token ankasa transfer: 2,500 USDC fi wo address mu.
USDC balance sesa a transaction yi de bae: USDC so tew 2,500.
Execution status: Success.

Nea eyi di ho adanse: USDC ankasa fii mu wɔ nhwɛso yi mu. Zero no fa ETH a wɔde kaa call no ho. Ɛnka USDC transfer no dodow ho asɛm na ɛnkyerɛ sɛ gas costs nni hɔ.

Nea yennim ara ne: Nea enti a payment no sii ne sɛ na wopɛ anaa. Ebia ɛyɛ swap, deposit, operation a wɔahyɛ da ahyehyɛ, payment a ɛkɔɔ address a ɛnteɛ, anaa spending a wɔamma ho kwan. Ansa na woahyɛ no din bi no, fa toto nea woyɛe ne address a na wopɛ ho.

Nhwɛso 5: Tokens ankasa fi mu, nanso account foforo na ɛde transaction no kɔe

History record: OUT · 500 USDC ankasa · Address a wunnim.

Fa no sɛ transaction a edii yiye maa wo USDC balance ankasa so tew 500, nanso ne From field titiriw no kyerɛ obi foforo.

Nea eyi di ho adanse: Tokens no kɔe ankasa. Sɛ transaction sender no yɛ obi foforo a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ transfer no yɛ atorɔ.

Obi a woama no approval dada betumi de token allowance no adi dwuma a ɛho renhia sɛ wobɛsɔ transaction biara a ɛba foforo no nsa. Tokens bi nso ma permit signatures kwan; ɛno de message a wɔde signature ato so ma allowance a obi foforo betumi de akɔ network so. Smart accounts ne delegated wallets nso ma akwan foforo a obi foforo betumi afa so ayɛ operation a wɔama ho kwan.

Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ bio: Hwɛ nea ɔwɔ spending tumi, allowance anaa signed permission a ɛfa ho, ne wallet operation no. Sɛ wuntumi nkyerɛ nea enti a sika no fii mu a, bu no sɛ security incident. Adanse no betumi akyerɛ approval a ɛyɛ hu, signature a wɔde nnaadaa gyee, anaa account control a wɔasɛe; row no nkutoo ntumi nkyerɛ nsonsonoe no.

Wɔ transaction a wɔde signature too so tẽẽ no, sɛ wo address da From field titiriw no mu a, ɛyɛ adanse sɛ signature a ɛfata saa account no wɔ hɔ. Nanso ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wotee dwumadi no ase, sɛ na saa recipient no na wopɛ, anaa sɛ wo ara na wofii ase. Token-event From field no de adanse kakra bi pɛ na ɛma.

Nea address poisoning mmɔdenbɔ 270 million ho nhwehwɛmu no susuwii ankasa

Nhwehwɛmu bi a ɛfaa Ethereum ne BSC dwumadi ho mfe abien, efi July 1, 2022 kosi June 30, 2024, huu bɛyɛ poisoning transfer records 270 million a na wɔde ato addresses 17 million so.

Wɔkyekyɛɛ records no mu akuw abiɛsa:

147.7 million zero-value transfers.
118.4 million counterfeit-token transfers.
4.0 million transfers nketewa.

Saa records yi wɔ transactions bɛyɛ 18.2 million mu, efisɛ atɔfo betumi aka records pii abom wɔ transaction biako mu. Addresses a wɔde wɔn yɛɛ botae no nyɛ nnipa dodow, wallets a wɔasɛe, anaa nnipa a wɔhweree sika dodow.

Nhwehwɛmu no huu transfers 6,633 a atɔfo nyaa sika fi mu, a ne nyinaa bo yɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no $83.8 million. Nnipa bi a wɔdaadaa wɔn no tuaa sika mpɛn pii. Wɔde nhwehwɛmu no sii stablecoins bi a wɔapaw so, enti adehwere bo no yɛ dodow a ɛba fam wɔ saa afã yi mu; ɛnyɛ token anaa chain biara nyinaa bo.

Nea ɛkyerɛ wɔ dwumadi mu ne sɛ zero amounts nkutoo a wobɛhwɛ no bɛma woahwere ɔhaw no fã kɛse. Fake records betumi ayɛ sɛ payment kɛse, na transfer ketewa bi a ɛba mu betumi de tokens ankasa aba na ɛde address a ɛyɛ hu nso ahyɛ history mu.

Sɛnea wobɛhwehwɛ wo record pɔtee no mu

Bue transaction no wɔ network a ɛteɛ no so. Fa wallet no explorer kwan anaa explorer a wunim te sɛ Etherscan anaa BscScan di dwuma. Hwɛ transaction status no. Public transaction details a wobɛkenkan no nhia sɛ wode wallet bɛka ho, wobɛma token approval, wobɛsɔ message nsa, anaa wobɛkyerɛ recovery phrase.
Hu agyapade ankasa no. Hu nsonsonoe a ɛda native ETH anaa BNB ne token a ɛde saa din no di dwuma ntam. Wɔ tokens ho no, fa network no ne contract a ɛyii event no adi no toto issuer information a wogye di ho.
Kenkan dodow no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Tetew token dodow no fi native transaction value ne fiat bo a wɔabu ho akontaa ho.
Tetew transaction sender fi event sender ho. Wɔ smart account ho no, hwɛ wallet operation ne permissions no nso. Sɛ obi foforo na otuaa gas a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo agyapade antumi ankɔ baabi.
Hwehwɛ transaction no nyinaa mu. Hwɛ token movements nyinaa, native-coin transfers ne permission changes a ɛfa ho. Sɛ explorer no kyerɛ balance changes a transaction no de bae a, fa toto nea esii ho. Balance a ɛnsakrae nnɛ yɛ adanse a emu nyɛ den: deposits a ɛba akyiri anaa transfers a ɛma balance no san kɔ nea na ɛyɛ no betumi de movement a atwam asie.
Hwɛ address a sika no bɛkɔ no ho wɔ ɔkwan foforo so. Fa recipient no payment details a wogye di anaa address-book entry a woahyɛ da ahwɛ no di dwuma. History row a aba nnansa yi yɛ ade a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ mu, ɛnyɛ adanse sɛ address no yɛ nea ɛteɛ.

Sɛ explorer no nkyerɛ nea esii no pefee a, fa network ne public transaction hash no ma wallet provider no official support team. Kyerɛ dwumadi a na wohwɛ kwan sɛ ɛbɛba, sɛ bi wɔ hɔ a. Saa nsɛm no boa ma wotumi hu nsonsonoe a ɛda operation a wunnim nanso na wopɛ ne sika a ɛkɔe a wunnim nea enti ntam, a wonkyerɛ wallet no kokoam nsɛm.

Nea wobɛyɛ bere a woahwɛ awie

Sɛ wuhuu poisoning record biako pɛ a

Fa spam no sie anaa bɔ ho amanneɛ sɛ wo wallet ma ho kwan a, na mfa addresses a ɛwɔ mu no nni dwuma. Row bi a wode sie no sesa interface no; ɛnsɛe blockchain history na ɛnsan permissions no.

Zero transfer betumi aba bere a allowance yɛ zero mpo, enti record no nkutoo nyɛ nea enti a ɛsɛ sɛ wosan approvals nyinaa anaasɛ wode wo sika nyinaa kɔ wallet foforo. Ebia spending permission biara a ɛbata saa record no ho nni hɔ a wobɛtumi asan. Mfa token website a wɔbɔ ho dawuru anaa recovery link a ɔhɔho de ba nni dwuma mfa “hohoro” wo wallet.

Sɛ wuhuu spending permission a ɛma w'adwene yɛ wo naa a

Fa wo wallet no approval-management kwan a wogye di no di dwuma fa hwɛ na san allowance a ɛfa ho no. Website bi a wotetew fi wallet ho no nsan token approvals a ɛwɔ blockchain so dada. Revocation no san saa permission no; ɛntumi nsiesie private key a wɔawia.

Sɛ agyapade ankasa kɔe a woampɛ a

Sie transaction hash, network, agyapade a ɛfa ho ne addresses a ɛho hia. Fa official support akwan so hwehwɛ signatures, approvals ne wallet operations a aba nnansa yi mu.

Sɛ adanse wɔ hɔ sɛ wo recovery phrase anaa private key abɛda adi a, yɛ wallet foforo a ɛwɔ recovery phrase foforo wɔ device a wogye di so, na fa nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ ahwɛyiye de agyapade a aka no kɔ. Account foforo a efi recovery phrase a wɔasɛe no ara mu renyi ɔhaw no mfi hɔ. Sɛ sika no kɔ ara kwa a, nkɔ so mfa gas money nka ho: sweeper bi betumi agye.

Sɛ wo ara wosɔɔ payment bi nsa nanso woyɛɛ poisoned address copy a, kyerɛ saa nsonsonoe no wɔ wo records mu. Ebia wɔde signature a ɛteɛ too payment no so na wɔyɛɛ no yiye, nanso ɛkɔɔ recipient a ɛnteɛ nkyɛn. Ɛno nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ wɔawia wo private key.

Nsɛmmisa a nkurɔfo taa bisa wɔ transactions a wonnim ho

So ɔtowfo no maa me na mituaa gas?

Wɔ address poisoning a ɛtaa ba mu no, ɔtowfo no de transaction no kɔ na otua network fee no. Wo address a wɔde kyerɛ wɔ token event mu nkutoo ntua wo account so ka. Nanso sponsored transactions ne smart accounts nti, nea otua fee no nkutoo ntumi nkyerɛ sɛ operation no yɛ nea ɛnyɛ hu. Hwɛ nea esii ankasa.

Sɛ transaction no di nkogu a, dɛn na ɛba?

Token transfer a wɔasan no akyi no ntwaa saa transfer no awiei, nanso wɔbetumi agye gas fee. Sɛ wallet no de account delegation di dwuma a, hwɛ ɛno nso soronko: Ethereum betumi akora delegation no so bere mpo a execution a ɛba akyiri no di nkogu. Delegation a wunnim ho hia sɛ wohwɛ mu.

So hardware wallet betumi asi address poisoning ano?

Ɛma wo baabi foforo a wobɛhwɛ destination ansa na woasɔ nsa. Sɛ wopene address a ɔtowfo di so so a, ɛrentumi nyɛ address no nea ɛteɛ. Fa address no nyinaa a ɛwɔ signing display a wogye di so no toto recipient details a woahyɛ da ahwɛ no ho.

So metumi asi ananafo a wɔde saa records yi ba no ano?

Mpɛn pii no, worentumi nsiw afoforo kwan sɛ wɔde agyapade bɛba anaa wɔbɛyɛ records a ɛfa public address bi ho. Wallet ne explorer filters betumi atew nea wuhu so. Sie recipients a woahyɛ da ahwɛ wɔn na hwɛ destination address no nyinaa ansa na woatua sika; zero-value records nkutoo a wode sie ntumi nhu counterfeit-token anaa tiny-transfer akwan nyinaa.